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Black bread mold (''Rhizopus stolonifer'') is a widely distributed thread-like mucoralean mold. Commonly found on bread surfaces, it takes food and nutrients from the bread and causes damage to the surface where it lives. Asexual spores are formed within pinhead-like sporangia, which break to release the spores when mature. Germination of these spores forms the haploid hyphae of a new mycelium. ''R. stolonifer'' grows rapidly at temperatures between 15 and 30°C.〔 ''R. stolonifer'' is a heterothallic species,〔(Schipper 1984)〕 in that sexual reproduction happens only when opposite mating types (designated + and -) come in contact. Successful mating results in the formation of durable zygospores at the point of contact. Subsequently, the zygospore germinates and forms a sporangiophore whose sporangium contains both + and - haploid spores. The two varieties are: ''R. stolonifer'' var. ''stolonifer'',which produces straight, erect sporangiophores, and those of ''R. stolonifer'' var. ''lyococcos'' are curved.〔Schipper, M. A. A. 1984. A revision of the genus ''Rhizopus''. I. The Rh. stolonifer-group and Rh. oryzae. CBS Studies in Mycology 25:1-19.〕 A closely related species, ''Rhizopus sexualis'', differs primarily in being homothallic (self-compatible). == Distribution and habitat == Black bread mold has a cosmopolitan distribution. It is capable of causing opportunistic infections of humans (zygomycosis). It also causes ''Rhizopus'' soft rot in sweet potatoes. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「black bread mold」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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